GIS, Multivariate Statistics Analysis and Health Risk Assessment of Water Supply Quality for Human Use in Central Mexico

The spatial assessments of water supply quality from wells, springs, and surface bodies were performed during the dry rainy seasons in six municipalities eastern regions Michoacán (Central Mexico). Different physicochemical parameters used to determine supplies’ Water Quality Index (WQI); all communities presented good quality. analysis indicates that many within limits set by international standards, showing levels “excellent quality” according WQI, mainly season (except at San Pedro Jácuaro Irimbo season). However, some sites showed “poor “unsuitable drinking water” related low pH (<5) high turbidity, color, Fe, Al, Mn, arsenic. Multivariate statistical techniques (Principal Component Hierarchical Cluster) geographic information system (GIS) identify potential sources pollution estimate extension with negative effects on human health (mainly without sampling). According multivariate analysis, Na+/K+ ratio temperature (22–42 °C) various suggest WQI values affected geological geothermal conditions physical changes between seasons, but not anthropogenic activity. GIS established predictions about probable distribution arsenic levels, pH, temperature, acidity, hardness study area, which provides valuable these where sampling was carried out. risk assessment for dermal contact ingestion noncancer level exceeded recommended criteria (HQ > 1) three target groups. At same time, carcinogenic (1 × 10−3) acceptability criterion season, suggests As represents a threat adults, children, infants.